Thirukkural In Tamil 43: A Guide to the Moral Values and Virtues of the Tamil People
Thirukkural In Tamil 43.pdf
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Thirukkural is one of the most revered and celebrated works of Tamil literature. It is a collection of 1330 couplets or kurals, composed by the sage Valluvar, who lived around the 1st century BCE. Thirukkural covers various aspects of life, such as ethics, politics, economics, love, and spirituality. It is considered as a universal guide to human morality and wisdom, and has been translated into many languages.
In this article, we will focus on the 43rd chapter of Thirukkural, which belongs to the first section called Araththuppaal or Virtue. This chapter deals with the topic of Ilvaazhkkai or Domestic Life, and describes the five-fold duties of a householder towards his ancestors, gods, guests, relatives, and himself. These five duties are considered as the chief charity or kindness that one can show in this world.
Let us look at the ten couplets or kurals of this chapter, along with their meanings in English and Tamil.
Kural 431
English: The manes, God, guests kindred, self, in due degree,
These five to cherish well is chiefest charity.
Tamil: தன்பலத்தர் தய்வம் வரந்தக்கல் தனன்றங்க
ஐம்பலத்தற ஓம்பல் தல.
Meaning: The chief (duty of the householder) is to preserve the five-fold rule (of conduct) towards the manes, the Gods, his guests, his relations and himself.
Kural 432
English: Who seeks out friends by kindly deeds attains
The friendship that no after-sorrow pains.
Tamil: நட்பன் தவன இரப்பனம் கடல்ல
நட்பர வளய மல்ல.
Meaning: There is no greater gain than true friendship which does not change even when there is a cause for enmity.
Kural 433
English: Whateer men do without discernment wise,
Though none gainsay 'tis fruitless enterprise.
Tamil: அறவன் மகத யல்ல தரவன்
சய்வன யல்ல மள.
Meaning: All the actions of him who is without exceedingly great knowledge will perish.
Kural 434
English: Though men should blamelessly walk earths spacious ways,
Yet virtue solely for its beautys praise they love not.
Tamil: நற வழ நற நக்க நற பரந்த
அறவ ளட ய ர ள்ள.
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